Health Digest: Clitoral Reconstruction, Pituitary Transplant, Diabetes Risks

· 8 source(s)

New surgical technique reconstructs the clitoris after vulvar cancer, a primate transplant restores cortisol, and studies link functional decline and diabetes to cardiovascular and kidney risks.

A new surgical technique for clitoral reconstruction after vulvar cancer treatment has been developed for the first time, Medical Xpress reports. The procedure comes 40 years after the first penile reconstruction surgery, and results in the initial group of patients are encouraging.

Researchers in Japan have successfully transplanted pituitary tissue grown from human stem cells into a primate whose pituitary gland had been surgically removed, restoring critical hormone signals, according to Medical Xpress. The team, led by researchers from Nagoya University, showed that the same method worked in mice over a longer period.

A study published online Sept. 23 in JAMA Cardiology found that functional decline begins many years before clinically apparent cardiovascular disease events, Medical Xpress reports. Separately, research presented at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes in Milan (Sept. 28–Oct. 2) found that within five years of a type 2 diabetes diagnosis, there is a greater risk of developing chronic kidney disease first than of developing heart failure first.

A large study shows that reading, socializing and doing puzzles can help preserve cognitive health, Medical Xpress reports. While intensive brain-training programs over several weeks can reduce cognitive impairment, such interventions are not very practical in daily life.

Researchers have developed 3D "mini-brains" that model myelin damage and regeneration, offering a new tool for multiple sclerosis drug testing, according to a study published in Nature Neuroscience and reported by Medical Xpress. MS is an autoimmune condition affecting almost 3 million people worldwide.

A new cell type that may help regulate blood vessel growth in the heart during development and in response to injury has been discovered by researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine, Medical Xpress reports. Working with zebrafish, they found that the cell type helps stabilize the vascular network that supplies oxygen to growing cardiac muscle.

STAT reports that Medicare Advantage plans are shifting more costs onto seniors in 2027. Premiums are stable, but plans are making changes that could make care more expensive for patients, including higher deductibles and fewer benefits.

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  • Clitoral reconstruction technique treats Vulvar cancer
  • Pituitary tissue transplant developed by Nagoya University
  • Functional decline precedes Cardiovascular disease
  • Type 2 diabetes increases risk of Chronic kidney disease
  • Type 2 diabetes increases risk of Heart failure
  • Mini-brains models Multiple sclerosis
  • New cell type discovered by Weill Cornell Medicine
  • Medicare Advantage plans shifts costs to Seniors
  • Chronic kidney disease common after Type 2 diabetes
  • Heart failure common after Type 2 diabetes
  • Mini-brains drug testing tool for Multiple sclerosis

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